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1. Broad money rose by 7 percent

At end-February, broad money supply (M2) stood at RMB320.52 trillion, rising by 7 percent year on year. Narrow money supply (M1), at RMB109.44 trillion, grew by 0.1 percent year on year. The amount of currency in circulation (M0) was RMB13.28 trillion, an increase of 9.7 percent year on year. The first two months of the year saw a net money injection of RMB456.2 billion.

2. RMB loans grew by RMB6.14 trillion in the first two months

At end-February, outstanding RMB and foreign currency loans totaled RMB265.6 trillion, up 6.8 percent year on year. Outstanding RMB loans stood at RMB261.78 trillion, registering a year-on-year growth of 7.3 percent.

In the first two months, RMB loans expanded by RMB6.14 trillion. By sector, household loans increased by RMB54.7 billion, with short-term loans falling by RMB323.8 billion and medium and long-term (MLT) loans rising by RMB378.5 billion; loans to enterprises and public institutions grew by RMB5.82 trillion, with short-term loans and MLT loans increasing by RMB2.07 trillion and RMB4 trillion, respectively, and bill financing decreasing by RMB345.6 billion; and loans to non-banking financial institutions rose by RMB83.6 billion.

At end-February, outstanding foreign currency loans stood at USD532.6 billion, down 19.6 percent year on year. The first two months saw a slide of USD9.5 billion in foreign currency loans.

3. RMB deposits increased by RMB8.74 trillion in the first two months

At end-February, the outstanding amount of RMB and foreign currency deposits was RMB317.66 trillion, up 7.1 percent year on year. RMB deposits recorded an outstanding amount of RMB310.97 trillion, rising by 7 percent year on year.

In the first two months, RMB deposits increased by RMB8.74 trillion. Specifically, household deposits, fiscal deposits and deposits of non-banking financial institutions rose by RMB6.13 trillion, RMB1.59 trillion and RMB1.72 trillion, respectively, while deposits of non-financial enterprises fell by RMB1.1 trillion.

At end-February, the outstanding amount of foreign currency deposits was USD932.5 billion, up 12.7 percent year on year. The first two months saw an increase of USD79.6 billion in foreign currency deposits.

4. The monthly weighted average interest rates for interbank RMB lending and bond pledged repos in February stood at 1.95 percent and 2 percent respectively

Lending, cash bond and repo transactions in the interbank RMB market totaled RMB123.16 trillion for February, with the daily average declining by 14.5 percent year on year to RMB6.48 trillion. Specifically, the average daily turnovers of interbank lending and pledged repo trading dropped by 34.9 percent and 18 percent year on year, respectively, while that of cash bond trading climbed by 5.2 percent year on year.

The monthly weighted average interest rate for interbank lending in February stood at 1.95 percent, up 0.09 percentage points month on month and 0.1 percentage points year on year. The monthly weighted average interest rate for pledged repos was 2 percent, down 0.16 percentage points month on month but up 0.11 percentage points year on year.

5. RMB cross-border settlement under the current account reached RMB1.18 trillion and RMB cross-border settlement of direct investment posted RMB0.57 trillion for February

RMB cross-border settlement under the current account reached RMB1.18 trillion for February, including RMB0.93 trillion in settlement of trade in goods and RMB0.25 trillion in settlement of trade in services and other current account items. RMB cross-border settlement of direct investment amounted to RMB0.57 trillion for the month, of which ODI and FDI posted RMB0.21 trillion and RMB0.36 trillion, respectively.

Notes:

1. Data for the current period are preliminary.

2. “Loans to enterprises and public institutions” in this report refers to loans to non-financial enterprises, government agencies and organizations.

3. Starting from January 2023, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) has incorporated into the coverage of financial statistics three types of non-depository banking financial institutions, i.e., consumer finance companies, wealth management companies, and financial asset investment companies.

4. Starting from January 2025 statistics, the PBOC has revised the measurement of narrow money supply (M1). The revised M1 consists of currency in circulation (M0), corporate demand deposits, personal demand deposits, and customers’ reserve funds with non-bank payment institutions. Adjusted accordingly on a comparable basis, the month-end M1 balances and growth rates of 2024 are shown below.